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都有哪些电影台词有非谓语

非谓语的三种形式怎么区分

怎么确定什么时候用什么

定义及构成非谓语动词主要包括不定式&词&分词(现在分词和过去分词),.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分它有三种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词功能及用法(一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后. 例如: I'm glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. The patient asked to be operated on at once. The teacher ordered the work to be done. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如: The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如: I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend. 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。

2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。

3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。

4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。

常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

(2)作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。

与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with? 如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词: He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语: He is the first to get here. (6)作状语: ①表目的: He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:To save money, every means has been tried. right:To save money, he has tried every means. wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. ②表结果: He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调: I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因: They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度: It's too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. (7)作独立成分: To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。

If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。

He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. (二)动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。

1.动名词的形式: Ving否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

(2)被动式: He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。

(3)完成式: We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。

(4)完成被动式: He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。

(5)否定式:not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。

(6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。

His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。

2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。

Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。

当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。

It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。

(2)作表语: In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。

(3)作宾语: They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。

We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。

注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。

此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。

要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语: He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。

Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗

(5)作同位语: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。

His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。

(三)现在分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。

1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成 式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。

例如: They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。

Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。

(2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。

The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。

Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。

2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语 放在名词后。

In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。

The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. (2)现在分词作表语: The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。

The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。

be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。

(3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。

例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗

He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。

(4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语: (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。

②作原因状语: Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。

③作方式状语,表示伴随: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。

④作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。

⑤作结果状语: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。

⑥作目的状语: He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。

⑦作让步状语: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。

⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。

All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。

Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。

有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。

⑨作独立成分: udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。

Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。

(四)过去分词: 过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。

不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。

过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语: Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。

Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。

注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。

过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

2.过去分词作表语: The window is broken. 窗户破了。

They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。

注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。

区别: The window is broken.(系表) The window was broken by the boy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。

如: boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶) newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳) the changed world(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。

3.过去分词作宾语补足语: I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。

有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语: With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。

4.过去分词作状语: Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。

(表示原因) Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。

(表示时间) Given more time, I'll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。

(表示条件) Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。

(表示让步) Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。

知道非谓语形式在句中充当的成分有什么作用

不担任谓语成分而担任其他语法功能的动词称为非谓语动词,有to do(动词不定式) / -ing (现在分词 / 动名词) / -ed (过去分词) 三个形式。

由于他们不受主语人称和数的限制,故也称为非限定动词。

他表示时态和语态的变化。

一个典型的句子共有以下五个基本成分: 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 状语 这里要讨论的是当英语中的一个动词处在主语、宾语、定语和状语位置时怎么处理,即非谓语成分时怎么处理。

1.主语: 首先,to do 和 -ing形式具有名词性,-ed 不具备名词性。

也就是说,to do 和 -ing可以做主语,例如: To learn a foreign language is not an easy thing. (= It is not an easy thing to learn English.) Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. 问题是这两种表达方式有没有区别。

语法上没有对或错的区别,因此不是语法考试的重点 一般讲,to do较具体的行为或状态,-ing表示较笼统的概念,如学习外语对我来说并非易事一般用to do来表达:To learn a foreign language. is not an easy thing for me. (或:It is not an easy thing for me to learn a foreign language.) 从应试角度讲,只要记住下面两个特殊句型就可以了: It is no use (或good) + ing结构,例如: It is no use quarreling with her. (和她争吵没有用。

考试时不要选to quarrel with her) There is no + ing 结构,例如: There is no denying that women are playing more and more important roles in the world today.(不可否认,在当今世界上,妇女正发挥越来越重要的作用。

) There is no joking about this matter. (这事开不得玩笑。

) 2.宾语 如上所述,非谓语动词to do或-ing当主语时,没有特别的语法要求。

但是,当宾语时,就有一个用to do还是-ing的问题。

大家还记得这个规定吗

如果忘了,请复习第二讲中五个基本句型的第三句型。

这是考试的一个重点。

在以往的职称考试中,此项一般要占2-3道题目。

关于非谓语动词做宾语补足语的问题,请复习第二讲中五个基本句型的第五句型。

3.定语 也就是做名词的修饰语。

只要牢记本讲非谓语动词的时态和语态意义一节中的内容,就不难理解非谓语动词做定语的问题。

非谓语动词做定语,本质上是定语从句,例如: Where is the house built last year? = Where is the house that(或which)was built last year (去年建造的那栋房子哪儿去了

) Do you see the house being built there ? = Do you see the house that (或which) is being built there?(看见那边那栋正在建造的房子了吗

) The house to be built next month will be our dorm. = The house that (或which) will be built (或that is to be built) next month will be our dorm.(下月要建造的那栋房子将是我们的宿舍。

) 也就是说,只要把握好时间状语和语态(先行词与动词的关系),非谓语动词做定语的考试选项比较容易,出题几率也比较低。

有人可能会问: I have a letter to write 和I have a letter to be written两个句子中的黑体部分都是做letter的定语,为什么一个用主动,另一个用被动语态。

一般来说,当动词(write)的行为者就是句子的主语(I)时,用主动语态。

因此,这两个句子的内涵是有些区别的。

但由于考试形式的局限性,一般不会考这种区别的。

4.状语 非谓语动词做状语是这一讲的重点,也是考试的重点。

大家还记得句子的连接一讲中说过的逗号不能连接两个句子这句话和所举的例子吗

错:He is ill, he cannot come to the party this evening.(逗号不能连接两个句子) 对:Because he is ill, he cannot come to the party this evening.(使用连接词) 对:Being ill, he cannot come to the party this evening.(使用非谓语动词形式) 如果:His child is ill, he cannot come to the party this evening. 该怎么改呢

道理是一样的: His child being ill, he cannot come to the party this evening. 也就是说,非谓语动词也要有行为的主体,称为主格;如果非谓语动词的行为的主体与句子的主语不一致,要保留其行为主体(如上句中的his child),这种结构称为(分词)独立主格结构。

那么,什么情况用to do 、-ing 或 -ed 呢

注意以下两点: (1) 要符合下表的基本要求。

to do -ing -ed 主动 被动 主动 被动 被动将来时 to do to be done现在时 doing (sth.) being done过去时 to have done to have been done -ed(2) 要注意以下基本用法和思路 前置(即放在句子的前面): 形式 功能 辨别要点To (或In order to) do sth., + 句子目的:为了…(关于做独立成分,见下文后置)1) 与句子间有,隔开;2) 一定解释为为了…3) 如果没有,,可能是句子的主语,不要混淆-ing /-ed ,+ 句子 1) 时间状语:当…时候2) 原因状语:由于…3) 条件状语:如果…1) 与句子间一般有,隔开;2) 如果没有,,可能是动名词当句子的主语,不要混淆显然,to do做状语形式和意义比较单一,难点是如何区分-ing 和-ed 形式。

下面每个例子说明一条规则,注意理解和记忆(重点不要去区分作什么状语,也不要刻意去翻译句子的意思,重点注意形式的转换和规律): 1) When she heard the noise, she went out to see what was happening. Hearing the noise, she went out to see what was happening. 规则:当句子的主语(she)与 (非谓语) 动词构成主动语态时,只要将实义动词(heard)恢复原形 (hear),后面加ing即可 2) When (或 If) the substance is heated to over 200℃, it will give off a poisonous gas. Heated to 200 over 200℃, it (= the substance) will give off a poisonous gas. 规则:当句子的主语(it = the substance)与 (非谓语) 动词构成被动语态时,去掉be动词,只保留动词的-ed形式(heated)即可 3) As he did not want to hurt her feelings, he did not tell the truth at the moment. Not wanting to hurt her feelings, he did not tell the truth at the moment 规则:非谓语动词的否定式是在非谓语动词前面(不是后面)加not构成;其他变化按照例1)或例2)规定 4) As she has lived in China for over 20 years, she can speak Chinese fluently. Having lived in China for over 20 years, she can speak Chinese fluently. As they had not finished the lessons, the students had to give up going to see the play. Not having finished the lessons, the students had to give up going to see the play. 规则:当句子中出现1)for + 时间状语,或2)当一个行为必须在另一个行为结束后才能开始的情况下,应该用完成式,否定词 not 要放在having的前面,即Not having… 提示:当你在考试时分不清是否要用完成式时,应倾向于选择有完成式的选项。

5) If weather permits, we'll go out for a picnic tomorrow. Weather permitting, we'll go out for a picnic tomorrow. When all necessary data had been collected, they began the experiment. All necessary data having been collected, they began the experiment. (注:这个句子也可以写成:All necessary data collected, they began the experiment.考试时按例4)提示选题) 规则:当句子的主语与非谓语动词的主格不一致时,应使用独立主格形式,其他变化按上述各项规定处理 后置(即放在句子的后面): 形式 功能 辨别要点句子 + to do sth1) 目的:为了…2) 结果:以致…3) 程度4) 独立成分要特别注意以下结构: 1) (in order) to / so as (such) to(目的)2) (,) only to / so (such) as to(结果)3) enough / too…to(程度)4) 如: to tell you the truth,(独立成分)-ing /-ed ,+ 句子 1) 说明、伴随或方式2) 结果分词做后置状语的多数为-ing形式,很少是-ed需要说明的是: 1. 所谓前置和后置是相对的,这里这样区分一是为了便于理解,二是根据职称考试中出题的习惯,便于判题; 2. 关于功能,这里只是讲了考试中较多出现的形式和结构,对于诸如如何区分目的和结果等内容,因与解题关系不大,这里就不作具体说明了。

下面把非谓语动词中其他几个重要问题用实例说明一下: 关于不定式作后置状语的举例(注意黑体字部分的表达形式): 1) She was so angry as to be unable to speak. (她气得连话都说不出来了。

) 2) I don't know her well enough to ask her for help.(我与她不太熟悉,不便请她帮忙。

) 3) She was too angry to say anything.(她气得什么都说不出来了。

) 4) I'm only too glad to help you. 注意与例3)的区别:only too与happy, pleased, glad 等词使用时,表示非常:我非常愿意帮助你(能帮助你真是太高兴了)。

5) We waited in the train for nearly three hours, only to be told that the appointment had been canceled. (only to…表示意想不到的结果:我们在雨中等了近3个小时,结果被告知约会取消了。

) 6) To be fair, he has been working very hard recently.(公平地说,他最近工作一直非常努力。

类似的表达方式还有: to tell the truth(说实话), to be frank(老实说),to go without saying (不用说 / 毫无疑问) 等。

关于分词做后置状语的举例 (注意括号中句子的演变过程): 1) She received an E-mail from her brother, saying that her mother was seriously ill. (她收到她兄弟发来的一份电子邮件,(邮件上)说她母亲病得很厉害。

= She received an E-mail from her brother, which(= an E-mail)said that her mother was seriously ill) 2) Serious infection may develop in some patients, resulting in death. (有些病人会发生严重感染,导致死亡。

(= Serious infection may develop in some patients, which results in death.) 3) The guests entered the office, accompanied by the manager. (客人在经理陪同下走进办公室。

= The guests entered the office, who were accompanied by the manager.) 关于动词不定式的补充说明: 1) 前面讲到:动词不定式的完成式表示过去时,它常在以下句型中出现: (主语)+ be said / reported / believed / supposed to have (been) done (主语)+ seem to have (been) done (主语)+ be likely to have (been) done 当考试时看到这样的句型出现,首先要考虑是否是动词不定式的完成式 2) 注意动词不定式 to与介词to的区别,即:是to + 动词,还是to + 名词或动名词(-ing)。

第二讲 五个基本句型中已经提到:object to / look forward to / be (get) accustomed (used) to / be subjected to / subject to / be subjected to / be opposed to / agree to等中的to是介词。

当考试时看到这样的表达方式出现,首先要考虑选择-ing形式(一般不会给纯名词形式) 关于on + ing 形式和with (without) + 分词独立主格结构 1)on + ing 形式:一般将介词on + -ing形式理解为分词(要有行为主体)而不是动名词,意为 当…时,一…就…,相当于when 或as soon as,例如: On hearing the news, she burst into tears. (一听到这个消息,她一下子哭了起来。

) 错:On arriving in Beijing, it began to rain heavily. (一到北京,就开始下起大雨来了。

) 由于句子的主语it并不是arriving的行为主体,该句语法不成立。

可以改为: No sooner had we arrived in Beijing than it began to rain heavily. 2) with (without) + 分词独立主格结构 She fell asleep with the lamp burning. (她开着灯谁着了。

) Almost every day the kids returned home with their hands and faces covered with mud and sweat.(孩子们几乎每天回家时手上脸上都是泥和汗。

) 当这样的独立主格结构中的动词为 be 动词时,往往省略,例如: Every day the old teacher entered the classroom, with a poor bag under his arm. (每天,这位老教师夹着个破包走进教室。

= with a poor bag being under his arm) 关于-ing和-ed形容词 当一个动词后面加上-ing或-ed就可以是一个形容词,其基本概念还是-ing为主动语态,-ed为被动语态,例如:a sleeping child (一个正在睡觉的孩子),a wounded soldier (一个受伤的战士) 。

一些带有感情色彩的动词,由于人的感情是被刺激后产生的,故一般用-ed形式,而外界的刺激物则用-ing形式,例如:I was moved deeply; the film was really moving. (我深受感动;这部电影真是感人。

) the + 形容词(包括-ed形容词)→ 名词(可以是单数,也可以是复数), 例如: the wounded (伤员)/ the disabled(残疾人) 关于现在分词和动名词 如前所述,现代语法并不强调现在分词和动名词的区别,建议学生忘掉动名词,特别是应试。

但记住下面的规定: She regrets ______ idle when (she was) young. (她后悔年轻时无所事事。

) A. to have been B. her being C. her having being D. having been 解题思路:1)regret后一般接ing形式,除非regret to tell / say, 故A不能选;2)当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致时,不要再加逻辑主语了,故正确答案为D,比较:Tom insisted on my going with him. (Tom坚持要我和他一起去。

) 非谓语动词讲了这么多内容,解题时始终不忘: 1) 分清过去、现在和将来; 2) 分清主动与被动; 3) 动词不定式的完成式表示过去时; 4) 见for要用完成式; 5) 否定式not要放在to / -ing / -ed的前面

非谓语练习

非谓语和谓语一、区分谓语和非谓语谓语谓语(predicate)或谓语动词(predicateverb)的位置一般在主语之后,说明主语“是什么”或者“做什么”,或表明主语的状态。

谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。

(谓语必修注意时态、语态和主谓一致)1.简单谓语(1).Whathappened?发生了什么事

(2).Heworkedhardalldaytoday.他今天苦干了一天。

(3).Theplanetookoffatteno飞’机cl是oc十k.点起飞的。

2.复合谓语可分为两种情况:第一种是由情态动词,助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语:Whatdoesthiswordmean?Iwon’tdoitagain.I’llgoandmoveawaythebagofricewithLinTao.You’dbettercatchabus.第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。

例如:Youlookthesame.Weareallhere.Theweathergetswarmer,andthedaysgetlonger.Keepquiteandlistentome.Helookedworried.Wehavetobeupearlyinthemorning.Note:一个英语句子就有一套主谓结构;如果是从句,则至少有两套主谓结构,每套要求主语和谓语在时态和人称上要一致。

祈使句无主语。

非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

doing和done.非谓语动词分为三种形式:todo,非谓语动词的时态和语态不定式主动被动一般式todotobedon

非谓语动词有哪几种形式

语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名Ⅰ不定式具有名词、形容词和副词质一作主语1.Toseeistobelieve.2.It’sdifficult(forus)tolearnEnglish.3.It’sfoolishofhertobelievehim.=Sheisfoolishtobelievehim.二作表语1.Hisaimistowinthefirstprize.2.Allwecandois(to)wait.One’sdream/aim/ambition/wish/Thefirststep/WhatIwanttodoisto…三作宾语1.Hedemandedtobetoldthetruth.2.Hepretendedtobedoinghishomework/tohavefallenasleepwhenMothercamein.(decide/fail/manage/refuse/pretend/choose/agree/hope/plan/promise/makeupone’smind+todo)3.Idon’tknowwhattodo.(decide/findout/know/learn/consideretc+疑问词+todo)4.Anyonecanbecomeabetterscholarifhewantsto.5.---Areyouonholiday?---No,butI’dliketobe.四作宾补或主补1.I’llhavehimsaysomethingatthemeeting.havesbdo=getsbtodofeel;hear/listento;let/have/make;see/watch/lookat/notice/observesbdo但被动语态要+to,let例外Listentomereadthetext.Heisoftenlistenedtotosingthesong.Hewa

非谓语作状语时,表示过去的主动用什么

非谓语的概念动词的基本用法是语。

当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。

三、非谓语动词的时态和语态 一般式完成式进行式不定式主动 to do to have done to be doing被动 to be done to have been doneing 形式主动 doing having done被动 being done having been done 过去分词 被动 done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing 五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、 判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了.2、 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、 判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、 判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。

一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk(分析)a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth. It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth. It’s useless doing sth. There is no need to do sth. 2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、 不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。

如:My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是my job的内容)Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do.(主表语要用同一种形式)2、 分词作表语记住:一些表示情感、情绪的动词,常用分词形式作表语。

现在分词表示主语的性质特征,用过去分词表示主语的状态。

常用动词:surprise (使某人吃惊), surprising (令人吃惊), surprised (主语)感到吃惊)类似动词有:excite (激动),astonish (惊奇),shock (震惊),scare (惊恐),disappoint (失望),move(感动),如:The movie is exciting. We are excited at the news. 3、 在seem / appear (似乎,好像), prove/ turn out (被证明是), remain (仍然是,尚待)等连系动词后,可用不定式作表语。

如:He seemed (to be ) very happy.Having a trip abroad is good for the old couple, but it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it. (to be seen)

形容词可以单独做状语、非谓语吗

英语中,非谓语动词就“不能做谓的动词,他不是一类特殊的词,而是普通动词的一种特殊形式,它包括不定式、现在分词、过去分词。

所以,在这个题里面,考察的就是非谓语动词。

非谓语动词在句中除了不能做谓语之外,其他的成分几乎都可以做。

在这个题里面,dress的过去分词做了状语。

而非所谓“形容词作状语”,当然,完全可以把dressed理解为是一个由过去分词活用来的形容词,但说到底,他是个非谓语动词。

对于动词的考察,无非两种情况:一中是做谓语的时候,对于时态、语态、词义辨析等的考察;另一种就是非谓语动词的考察。

那么这个题到底怎么判断出是过去分词而不是现在分词呢

原因就在于,dress是一个及物动词,此处theboy是被dress的,也就是说,theboy是dress的宾语,是dress的动作承受者,他们是个动宾关系,更常用的说法就是,这里是一个被动的关系,theboy是被动的。

那么,被动应该用哪种形式的非谓语动词

根据被动语态的知识,我们可以形成一种观念,英语中会用过去分词表示被动的语义。

所以,被动要用过去分词,这里自然就用dressed。

非谓语动词三种形式:过去分词、现在分词、不定式。

一般很容易判断题目中是需要选择非谓语动词还是普通动词,这个不成问题。

问题就在于应该用非谓语动词的那种形就比如这道题。

这时候就需要根据语义去选择:当表示一中被动关系的时候,就用过去分词,例如过去分词做定语,IlikethemoviedirectedbyJamesCameron.(我喜欢詹姆斯卡梅隆拍的那部电影),这一句中movie是被direct的,所以要用被动的过去分词;而当表示主动关系的时候,就要用现在分词了,例如现在分词作状语,Shecamein,carryingabook,这里She和carry是主动关系,也就是说carry这个动作是she发出的,所以用现在分词;至于不定式,则表示一种目的,比如Hecameheretobuysomebooks.这里buy是Hecome的目的,所以用不定式。

另外,从时间上也有这三个形式的区别,一般过去分词表示已经发生过的动作,现在分词表示正在发生的动作,不定式表示将要发生而未发生的动作。

望采纳哈~亲~

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